Dan Fragoules

Four-Dimensional Kinetic Cosmology

A Unified Model of Gravity, Electromagnetism, and Quantum Phenomena

A complete version with equations and test data is available here.
PDF (Updated March 1, 2026)

Dan Fragoules
Mountain Home, AR
Dan@fragoules.com

Comments and suggestions welcome.


Four-Dimensional Kinetic Cosmology is a kinematic framework that unifies gravity, electromagnetism, and quantum mechanics while resolving cosmological paradoxes, including the conflict between Bell's Theorem and General Relativity.

Known physical constants are derived from the model's foundational kinematics, rather than the -just the way it is- approach taken by Lamba Cold Dark Matter and the Big Bang theory.

4DKC eliminates the need for infinite densities. It transforms black holes from problematic singularities into natural consequences of 4D kinematics, providing a unified, singularity-free framework that aligns with observations and resolves long-standing paradoxes

4DKC makes several clear, falsifiable predictions, including that true one-way speed variations in the observed speed of light should exist and be direction-dependent relative to local deceleration gradients.

The invariance of the two-way speed of light is not a postulate - it is a direct consequence of the uniform manifold motion along a fourth spatial dimension and the cancellation of gradients on round-trip paths.

These variations should be measurable in principle with stable atomic clocks and long baselines (future space-based optical links, enhanced GPS-like networks, or lunar laser ranging with picosecond precision).

View details with equations in the PDF.

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Dan Fragoules
Mountain Home, AR
Dan@fragoules.com